John strachan



(-No Model.)

J. STRACHAN. BUSHING FOR TUBE SHEETS.

Patented May 29,1883.

WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

7 UNITED STATES PATE @FFIGE.

JOHN STRAGHAN, OF N EwYoeK, N. Y.

BUSHING FOR TUBE-SHEETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,625, dated May 29, 1883.

Application filed January 30, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, JOHN STRAGHAN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Bushin gs for Tube-Sheets of Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description. I

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specificatiomin which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts ,inall the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a steam-boiler head the flue-openings of which are bushed in accordance with my invention. tional view of one of the plaininarrow bushing-rings. Fig. 3 shows the old method of bushing. Fig. 4 shows in sectional elevation the turned tapering bushing-ring used in the old method of bushing. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the tool used in my new method of bushing, and Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation thereof, taken on the line a: w of Fig. 5.

rings are then put upon a lathe-mandrel and turned down, so that their outer surfaces will be tapering. The rings are then removed from p the mandrel and put into the flue-openings and driven with a hammer flush with the outside of the boiler-heads. A taperingiro'n pin is then driven into the rings for expanding and firmly seating them in y the flue-openings, and in this process of expanding the rings the tapering pin is struck heavily from side to side for opening or flaring the inner edges or ends of the rings for receiving the ends of the boilerflues. This method is objectionable inthat the turning of the rings of copper requires.a good deal of time and labor. The extra width of the rings results in a waste of copper. lateral striking of the tapering pin used for expanding the rings is liable to crack the boiler-head between the flue-openin gs. By my new method I do not turn ofi the outer sur- Fig. 2 is a secings by the process of compression or flaring of the metal of the rings.

. In practicing my new method I take the narrow untapered copper rings a, that are of an external diameter slightly greater than the diameterof the flue-openings in the boilerhead I), but not so large but that they may be driven into the flue-openings. diameter of these rings is less than the external diameter of the boiler-fines. I then drive these rings a into the flue-openings with a hammer until the outer edges of the rings stand flush with the outer surface of 'the boi1erhead I), in which openings the rings fit snugly, and then, by means of a suitable rotary tool, I roll and expand the rings internally to meet the walls .of the flue-openings and to the proper size, and I expand the rings thus most near their inner edges, causing the surplus metal of the 'rings to be pressed into and caused to firmly grasp and effect a perfect seating of the rings in the flue-openin gs, which cannot be done by the old method; and by this new method the inner walls of the rings are always made in a true circle, whether the flue-openings are true circles or not, since the surplus metal of the rings will be flared so as to fill all depressions and irregularities of the flue-openings,' and the inner walls of the rings are always made slightly flaring, which facilitates the insertion of the ends of the boilertubes into the rings.

The tool I prefer to use for expanding, seating, and flaring the rings in the'flue-openings is shown in Figs. 5 and 6, consisting of the hollow circular head (I, tapering mandrel-lever f, and tapering rollers e, placed loosely or journaled loosely in suitable radial openings or slots in the head d, with their larger ends toward the front of the tool, so that they will act to expand the rings more at their inner edges than at their outer edges, thus tapering the inner walls of the rings.

'Thetool is to be used in the rings in the same manner thata Dudgeon tube-expander is used for expanding the ends of boiler-fines.

By this new method the copper rings may 'be so firmly seated that there will be no danger of their being driven out of the flue-opening when the boiler-tubes are driveninto the rings. Furthermore, by this method it will be seen The internal that all danger of cracking the boiler-heads is avoided; that the labor and the loss of time and material incident to turning the rings is avoided; that narrow copper rings may be used, which cannot be done where the rings are turned, and that a better and more perfect seating of the rings in the flue-openings is efi'ected by this method with less labor and expense than by the old method; and in re bushing flue-openings which, in consequence of the. use of the locomotive, have become somewhat oblong or irregular by the warping of the boiler-head, or have been notched or cut-in removing old bushings, the metal of the copper rings may by this new method be flared into every part of the flue-openings and the rings be perfectly seated, leaving the inner. walls of the rings always a true circle,

thus always insuring a perfect fit with the ends of the boiler-fines, which cannot be done by the old method.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The method of bushing the flue-openings of steam-boiler heads, consisting in first forming an unflared ring of soft metal in width about the thickness of the boilerhead; secondly, driving the said ring into the flue-opening of the boiler-head; and, thirdly, expanding the ring in the opening, whereby the ring is flared upon its inner surface within the area of the thickness of the boiler-head and firmly seated in the opening, substantially as set forth.

7 JOHN STBAOHAN. Witnesses: 1

H. A. Wnsr, 0. SEDGWIOK. 

